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About Kathleen Petersen

I love digging around for scriptural nuggets of God’s truth with our devotional team and being amazed how many facets of meaning we discover. Thanks for reading!

Does God Need Us?

by Kathleen Petersen

Google revealed the theological term “divine aseity” for exploring the question in my title. 

This term “Divine aseity” intimidates me. I doubt I can explore it to anyone’s satisfaction, including my own. In this fourth down situation (my 400 word limit – along with watching too much playoff football), perhaps I should just punt. But let’s go for it!

The wise members of our devotional team reminded me that God is not an unhealthy, codependent personality who is threatened by our brokenness. With that insight, I’ll begin here.


Shout for joy, you heavens; exult, you earth!
You mountains, break into happy cries!
For Yahweh consoles his people and takes pity on those who are afflicted.
For Zion was saying, ‘Yahweh has abandoned me,
the Lord has forgotten me’.
Does a woman forget her baby at the breast,
or fail to cherish the son of her womb?
Yet even if these forget, I will never forget you.
See, I have branded you on the palms of my hands,
Your ramparts are always under my eye. Isaiah 49:13-16 TJB


This passage compares God’s connection with us to a nursing mother and her child. As an aside, one of the scriptural names of God is “El Shaddai”, which can be translated as “nursing mother God”. To emphasize the permanence of this relationship, the passage adds the excruciatingly painful image of everlasting, seared marks on the palms of the hands that cradle the child.

My takeaway from this passage is that God’s attention to us is deeply caring, sacrificial and permanent.

Also consider these Gospel passages from the earthly life of Jesus describing Jesus weeping over the loss of connection with people who should have embraced him: Luke 13:34–35, Luke 19:41–44, and Matthew 23:37–39. 


Concern for the Nation

As he approached and saw the city, he wept for it, saying, “If you knew this day what would bring peace—but now it is hidden from your eyes. For the days will come on you when your enemies will build a barricade around you, surround you, and hem you in on every side. They will crush you and your children among you to the ground, and they will not leave one stone on another in your midst, because you did not recognize the time when God visited you.” Luke 19:41–44 CSB


Concern for the Person

When Jesus saw her crying, and the Jews who had come with her crying, he was deeply moved in his spirit and troubled. “Where have you put him?” he asked. “Lord,” they told him, “come and see.”  Jesus wept. John 11:33-35 CSB


The Gospel record depicts Jesus weeping infrequently. However, these passages show us his profound connection with those he considers his own. Let’s return to the question: Does God need us? Maybe we should ask, how do we need God to need us? 

Perhaps God doesn’t “need” humans in a technical sense, but he chose to create us and longs for those he has created to return to him and be eternally in his presence.

Unless we sense God’s constant, tangible presence, we may think he is indifferent to us. Of course God’s care for his children is superior to that of any animal, but read this article about seemingly abandoned baby animals to enhance your perspective on his watchful care/need for you.


Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Does God Need Us?2024-01-19T19:08:33-07:00

Can You Ever “Live It Down”?

by  Kathleen Petersen

Not long ago, the secular counseling profession seemed to have solid answers concerning release from personal shame and guilt. Christian counselors used some of those methods and celebrated when their clients were freed from unnecessary anguish. But the celebration now seems premature. Waves of popular culture influencers are rapidly creating new definitions of irredeemable wrongdoing. Their fiery torches, lit on social media, seek and consume too many minds and hearts.

Help us Lord Jesus! As conscientious, caring Christians, we desperately need a healthy approach to facing our past transgressions — those transgressions that have caused lasting damage.

Providentially, we have the confessions of the Apostle Paul to give us insight. During his trial in Acts 22:3-21, he gave a lengthy account of his past which included his religious inheritance, religious accomplishments, and religious sins. These two verses sum up the shameful behavior impossible to “live down”
in his life. 

“As I was traveling and approaching Damascus, about noon an intense light from heaven suddenly flashed around me. I fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to me, ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?’ Acts 22:6-7 CSB

What Paul had viewed as the highest service to God, arranging for severe punishments for Jesus’ followers, was, in fact, persecution of his own Messiah. His later testimony reveals he never evaluated those heinous acts lightly. Here he describes his shame in raw terms:

The saying is trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am the foremost.
I Timothy 1:15 CSB

Merriam-Webster’s dictionary defines “shame” this way:

A painful sensation excited by a consciousness of guilt, or of having done something which injures reputation; or by that of which nature or modesty prompts us to conceal.

So, our human tendency is to hide destructive past behaviors. 

How did Paul meet this challenge after recognizing he had inflicted lasting harm on so many? Although Paul realized he could never live down those harmful and murderous acts that he sometimes agonized over the memory of, he regularly turned those recollections into deep appreciation of forgiveness granted him by the death of Jesus. Here’s an expression of the Scriptural cure for shame:

Therefore, since we also have such a large cloud of witnesses surrounding us, let us lay aside every hindrance and the sin that so easily ensnares us. Let us run with endurance the race that lies before us, keeping our eyes on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of our faith. For the joy that lay before him, he endured the cross, despising the shame, and sat down at the right hand of the throne of God. Hebrews 12;1-2 CSB

In Acts 2:16 Ananias gives Paul the key to freedom from shame:

Get up and be baptized, and wash away your sins, calling on his name.

In Acts 22:19-21 Paul records a pivotal conversation he had with the risen Jesus: 

But I said, ‘Lord, they know that in synagogue after synagogue I had those who believed in you imprisoned and beaten. And when the blood of your witness Stephen was being shed, I stood there giving approval and guarding the clothes of those who killed him.’

He said to me, ‘Go, because I will send you far away to the Gentiles. Acts 22:19-21 CSB *

This conversation outlines a time honored Scriptural practice. Once you have turned your back on sinful behavior that has damaged others, don’t try to live it down, wallow in it, or over apologize (although apologies and reconciliation may be necessary). Move forward and serve him with all your heart. 

Let God speak to you as you listen to one of these beautiful reminders. the Oslo Gospel Choir or The Power of the Cross {Grab your guitar, to strum along.}

* Although Paul immediately testified to many about his dramatic conversion experience, he was not sent on his first missionary journey to the Gentiles until he had prepared for at least another 14 years. 

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Can You Ever “Live It Down”?2024-01-14T23:03:31-07:00

Artistic Authenticity

Before pondering today’s scripture, read Merriam-Webster Dictionary’s definition of authentic.

Authentic — genuine, bona fide, means being actually and exactly what is claimed. Authentic implies being fully trustworthy according to fact; an authentic account of the perilous journey. it can also stress painstaking or faithful imitation of an original. 

At one time I sold original, visual works of various artists. It was often a challenge to explain to an inexperienced buyer why an original, authentic work was more precious than a photographic reproduction. Artistic authenticity (authorship) is assured when an artist oversees, interacts with, or otherwise touches an individual work. That work is most often verified with the artist’s signature.

If you have studied a renowned artist such as Michaelangelo and later viewed the breathtaking quality of his workmanship first hand, you appreciate why his original sculptures and frescoes are considered inestimable treasures.

Another feature of authentic works of art is this: classical, unsigned pieces can be judged to be a work of a particular artist simply because the style and quality match the artist’s other works. Lost works by ancient masters are occasionally uncovered, either by removing an inferior overpainting or by restoring a work that has been abused or stored in an unsuitable space. Admittedly, fakes sometimes hit the market, but that’s a discussion for another day.

Read this scripture and think of God as an inestimable artist:

Praise be to God for giving us through Christ every possible spiritual benefit as citizens of Heaven! Consider what he has done—before the foundation of the world he chose us to become, in Christ, his holy and blameless children living within his constant care. He planned, in his purpose of love, that we should be adopted as his own children through Jesus Christ—that we might learn to praise that glorious generosity of his which has made us welcome in the everlasting love he bears towards the Son.

It is through the Son, at the cost of his own blood, that we are redeemed, freely forgiven through that full and generous grace which has overflowed into our lives and opened our eyes to the truth. For God had allowed us to know the secret of his plan, and it is this: he purposes in his sovereign will that all human history shall be consummated in Christ, that everything that exists in Heaven or earth shall find its perfection and fulfillment in him. Ephesians 1:3-10 PHILLIPS

Our Creator has chosen us for adoption to become his masterpieces under his constant creative care. His artist’s workshop provides generous resources obtained by the sacrifice of Christ, his Son, that he has choreographed to restore what has been marred by sin. When we trust him, we will see our destiny fulfilled in Christ. And, best of all, he signs his work with the Holy Spirit in us. This passage continues:

And here is the staggering thing—that in all which will one day belong to him we have been promised a share (since we were long ago destined for this by the one who achieves his purposes by his sovereign will), so that we, as the first to put our confidence in Christ, may bring praise to his glory! And you too trusted him, when you heard the message of truth, the Gospel of your salvation. And after you gave your confidence to him you were, so to speak, stamped with the promised Holy Spirit as a guarantee of purchase, until the day when God completes the redemption of what he has paid for as his own; and that will again be to the praise of his glory. Ephesians 1:11-14 PHILLIPS

Our God is an expert at finding value in people others may have overlooked. Read this short article about a Cimbabue painting, which is part of this artist’s multi-paneled story of Christ painted in the medieval era. It hung in a kitchen in France for many years (note: a kitchen is a bad place to display a $26 million painting) and escaped the trash bin when the owner decided to consult an art appraiser before tossing it out. Consider how God appraises you, his valuable child.

Artistic Authenticity2024-01-06T12:44:17-07:00

Two Way Street – We Can Bless God

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the beginning. All things were created through him, and apart from him not one thing was created that has been created. In him was life, and that life was the light of men. That light shines in the darkness, and yet the darkness did not overcome it. John 1:1-5 CSB

Today, I begin with these amazing truths about Jesus. This passage should bring all of us to our knees with praise for who he is. Below are the first two verses of Psalms 103 and 104. In both Psalms, David begins by commanding his soul to bless the Lord and reminding himself of the benefits and majesty of the Lord.

My soul, bless the LORD,
and all that is within me, bless his holy name.
My soul, bless the LORD,
and do not forget all his benefits. Psalm 103:1-2 CSB

My soul, bless the LORD!
LORD my God, you are very great;
you are clothed with majesty and splendor.

He wraps himself in light as if it were a robe,
spreading out the sky like a canopy,  Psalm 104:1-2 CSB

Because we are made in the image of God, we can bless him like no other creature. I might be slightly inaccurate thinking God especially enjoys the blessings and praise he receives through our music. Of course, obedience to his Word is the highest praise he can receive, but voicing our praise runs parallel to heartfelt conformity to his commands.  

Unless you are a worship leader, you may not be aware that before the first temple in Jerusalem was built by Solomon, King David instituted a formal music worship system organized in groups of Levites. Details appear in I Chronicles, primarily in chapters 17, 23 and 24. This formal worship took place day and night while the temple was an active place of worship. 

I believe David, who was a skilled musician, understood that our earthly worship should reflect what we will experience throughout eternity. Here is a taste from the Apostle John’s experience recorded in the book of Revelation:

After this I looked, and there was a vast multitude from every nation, tribe, people, and language, which no one could number, standing before the throne and before the Lamb. They were clothed in white robes with palm branches in their hands. And they cried out in a loud voice:

Salvation belongs to our God,
who is seated on the throne,
and to the Lamb!

All the angels stood around the throne, and along with the elders and the four living creatures they fell facedown before the throne and worshiped God, saying,

Amen! Blessing and glory and wisdom
and thanksgiving and honor
and power and strength
be to our God forever and ever. Amen. 

        Revelation 7:9-12 CSB

Does this make you want to join that heavenly chorus? (Okay, I know music isn’t mentioned in these verses, but it’s easy to imagine.) Here is a wonderful piece from Handel’s Messiah that has allowed generations of Christians to engage with each other in blessing God. 

Take a moment to thank God for the musicians who lead our worship services.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Two Way Street – We Can Bless God2023-12-28T12:57:16-07:00

Gateways to Blessing vs Curses

Gateways to God’s Covenant Blessings vs Gateways to Devilish Curses

In our “information age” we encounter a kaleidoscope of ideas about blessings, including those of media celebrity preachers championing techniques to obtain God’s material blessings. In John 6:22-40 Jesus expresses his eternal truth regarding those who seek mere material blessings. In verses 26 & 27 he says the efforts of our search must go further:

“Truly I tell you, you are looking for me, not because you saw the signs, but because you ate the loaves and were filled. Don’t work for the food that perishes but for the food that lasts for eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you, because God the Father has set his seal of approval on him.”

Jesus thus claims he is the Bread of Life — the one we must pursue to receive blessings worth having. Later in John’s gospel he says he is the gateway to blessing/abundance and therefore, the author of the New Covenant of life and abundance:

Jesus said again, “Truly I tell you, I am the gate for the sheep. All who came before me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep didn’t listen to them. I am the gate. If anyone enters by me, he will be saved and will come in and go out and find pasture. A thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I have come so that they may have life and have it in abundance.  John 10:7-10 CSB

You likely know this about true blessings. But if I asked you about curses, have you dismissed the concept as primitively superstitious? I encourage you to consider three important Biblical Covenant gateways to both blessings and curses. The first is the Adamic Covenant where every blessing intended for man was found in God’s perfect creation. 

God saw all that he had made, and it was very good indeed. Genesis 1:31 CSB

Later God warns Adam about the first significant gateway to the curse of death (our first and last enemy).

The LORD God took the man and placed him in the garden of Eden to work it and watch over it. And the LORD God commanded the man,
“You are free to eat from any tree of the garden, but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for on the day you eat from it, you will certainly die.”
Genesis 2:15-18 CSB

The second significant gateway is the Abrahamic Covenant which lays out both blessing and curse.

 The LORD said to Abram:

Go from your land, your relatives, and your father’s house
to the land that I will show you.

I will make you into a great nation, I will bless you, I will make your name great,
and you will be a blessing.

I will bless those who bless you, I will curse anyone who treats you with contempt,
and all the peoples on earth will be blessed through you. Genesis 12:1-3 CSB

The third significant gateway is the Mosaic Covenant which is much more explicit in delineating both blessings and curses. The most notable concentration is in Deuteronomy chapter 27:14 through chapter 30. In this Covenant, God acknowledges the influence of the Egyptians on his people during their exile there and anticipates the pull of idolatrous practices of the nations who will surround them as they settle in the Promised Land. He emphasizes the gateway that leads to his marvelous blessings, but warns them of the myriad of gateways leading to curses fashioned by the enemy of our souls.

As you think about God’s concern for his people in highlighting blessings and curses, it’s all the more important to realize that Jesus’ New Covenant of Life and Abundance (the supreme gateway) does not leave us ignorant of gateways to curses engineered by the devil, whose mission is to steal, kill and destroy. For example, read all of Apostle Paul’s treatise on curses that come through idolatry and sexual immorality found in Romans 1:16-32. Here is Paul’s closing statement:

…because they did not think it worthwhile to acknowledge God, God delivered them over to a corrupt mind so that they do what is not right. They are filled with all unrighteousness, evil, greed, and wickedness. They are full of envy, murder, quarrels, deceit, and malice. They are gossips, slanderers, God-haters, arrogant, proud, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents, senseless, untrustworthy, unloving, and unmerciful. Although they know God’s just sentence—that those who practice such things deserve to die—they not only do them, but even applaud others who practice them.

Although we who pursue the New Covenant relationship with Christ, experience and share his compassion for broken souls who surround us, we cannot join or applaud lifestyles that open us to the curses of corruption and destruction. 

Contemplate the meaning behind these images and descriptions of the “Gates of Hell” in Caesarea Philippi (where Peter confesses Jesus is the Messiah), in contrast to the gates and doorways in this replica of Herod’s Temple in Jerusalem. Ask God for Biblical wisdom to reject deceiving lies interwoven with gateways to curses, so you may fully embrace Christ’s singular gateway to Life and Abundance.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Gateways to Blessing vs Curses2023-12-27T17:33:06-07:00

Sincere Love & Self Sacrifice

by Kathleen Petersen

Love in the Kingdom of God needs to be without hypocrisy, meaning without a disguise, sincere. The junk of our selfish expectations must be cleared away.

Early in life we learn what we need to do to get what we want. Sometimes it involves manipulation using what looks like self-sacrifice, even in “innocent” children. Left unexamined, that pursuit can really mess up close relationships.

The list below comes from Romans 12:9-16. I’ve cherry-picked the passage for those actions that require self-sacrifice without a hidden agenda of benefiting ourselves.

Love must be without hypocrisy.

  • Be devoted to one another with mutual love,
  • Show eagerness in honoring one another.
  • Contribute to the needs of the saints and pursue hospitality.
  • Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse.
  • Rejoice with those who rejoice,
  • Weep with those who weep.
  • Live in harmony with one another.
  • Do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly.
  • Do not be conceited.

from Romans 12:9-16 NET

In developing the above Love List, the Apostle Paul acted much like a Master Gardener in laying out the things we must get rid of and the things we must acquire in order to replace or amend the soils of our sad-looking, self-seeking gardens. 

God’s invitation to cultivate these self-sacrificial attitudes and actions is not an ordinary to-do list. The elements on this list involve adventurous, challenging, creative work with built in rewards that spill over into and influence many lives with the Love of Christ. 

The most important reward, though, is developing a heart like God’s heart. We can fall into the trap of just “being nice” without developing God’s depth of mind and heart as we practice these habits. 

Please re-read the above list and pick one or two self-sacrificial acts that you want to explore more fully. Dialogue with your Heavenly Father today about specific ways he wants you to cultivate those areas.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Sincere Love & Self Sacrifice2023-11-20T13:43:30-07:00

Power of Prayer to Heal from Persecution

by Kathleen Petersen

“You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘hate your enemy.’ But I say to you, love your enemy and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be like your Father in heaven, since he causes the sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Even the tax collectors do the same, don’t they? And if you only greet your brothers, what more do you do? Even the Gentiles do the same, don’t they? So then, be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect. Matthew 5:43-48 NET

Western Christians, especially those who live here in the United States, often say “I have never been persecuted for my faith”. Although you may say this is true of you, look closely at Jesus’ words about persecution in Matthew 5:43-48. Observe he did not restrict persecution to faith issues.

Here’s the definition for the Greek word translated “persecute” in this passage.

1) to make to run or flee, put to flight, drive away 2) to run swiftly in order to catch a person or thing, to run after 2a) to press on: figuratively of one who in a race runs swiftly to reach the goal 2b) to pursue (in a hostile manner) 3) in any way whatever to harass, trouble, molest one 3a) to persecute 3b) to be mistreated, suffer persecution on account of something 4) without the idea of hostility, to run after, follow after: someone 5) metaphor, to pursue 5a) to seek after eagerly, earnestly endeavor to acquire

As you study this definition, you may be reminded of a persecution experience you have not yet fully processed or put into perspective the way Jesus prescribed. Perhaps an unidentified resentment has lodged in your heart because you feel a behavior exhibited toward you is one you don’t want to experience again. You may have wisely put up a barrier to further exploitation. It also may be because you have minimized the behavior and said to yourself “it doesn’t matter”.

Here is a challenging story from a young woman who was sexually abused by a family member and later became a victim of human trafficking. Notice the healing she experienced as she prayed for her persecutors. Here is part of her testimony:

I pray for people because God has taught me to give grace to others when I get upset with them. Sometimes the best thing I can do for someone is to pray for them and let God handle the situations that I can not control because he is the one who can change people.

As you read her story, also give attention to the roles that worship music, writing to God* and gratitude played in her transformation.

* “writing to God about my struggles and problems. …allowed me to realize that he was listening to me.…”

While you pray the Lord’s Prayer* today, consider how praying for your persecutors can prompt forgiveness.

* See also Didache 8:2.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Power of Prayer to Heal from Persecution2023-11-18T08:59:20-07:00

Was Jesus a Doormat?

by Kathleen Petersen

“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ But I say to you, do not resist the evildoer. But whoever strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other to him as well. And if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your coat also. And if anyone forces you to go one mile, go with him two. Give to the one who asks you, and do not reject the one who wants to borrow from you. Matthew 5:38-42 NET

If you or someone you love has been a victim of an oppressor, you may be forming arguments against these words right now. Please take a deep breath.

Since Jesus is our primary example of how to live our everyday lives, one of my spiritual practices is to match Jesus’ teachings with his actions, especially if a teaching is difficult to grasp.

With this passage, my mind jumps immediately to the persecution Jesus suffered during the few days he was on his way to his death on the Cross. However, those days are unique, because they are the source of our salvation and will never be replicated. So the Cross should not be conflated with the persecution Jesus speaks of in today’s passage.

Here are questions that come to mind when contemplating how Jesus practiced “do not resist the evildoer” :

Was Jesus a passive doormat in the face of persecution? Earlier in his Sermon on the Mount, Jesus established that, just like him, his followers will be persecuted for righteousness sake (Matthew 5:11-12).

Was the kind of persecution Jesus described in today’s passage a feature of his public ministry?

Here’s an example that intrigues me:

Jesus assigned the important role of treasurer to the avaricious Judas Iscariot. The other disciples were deeply troubled when they observed Judas stealing treasury money — especially the portion set aside for the poor (John 12:4-6). There is no record that Jesus ever confronted Judas’ theft. What puzzles me is that “Jesus knew what was in a man’s heart” (John 2:25).

Jesus’ failure to confront Judas is remarkable since there were many incidents where he confronted and challenged sinful attitudes and behaviors of Jewish religious leaders as well as other disciples.

During and after his Last Supper, Jesus made sobering disclosures about Judas Iscariot (Matthew 26:14-16, 20-25, John 13:27-30, and Mark 14:43-50) and Judas’ role in fulfilling prophecy. Judas’ habit of obtaining material advantage had escalated to the level of reckless betrayal of his long-suffering teacher.

This is one example of Jesus not resisting an evildoer. As you think about today’s passage, ask the Holy Spirit to reveal more examples including those in the lives of the apostles and other disciples.

Are you or is someone you love experiencing injury under an oppressor? If God has not yet provided a way of escape from the situation (as described in
I Corinthians 10:13), ask him to reveal his greater purpose for the oppression as well as his strength to endure in the midst of righteous suffering.

Continue to pray the Lord’s Prayer as you meditate on “do not resist the evildoer”.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Was Jesus a Doormat?2023-11-11T23:54:30-07:00

Old Time Religious Oaths

Just yesterday I electronically signed an oath (authored by Best Buy’s team of hundreds of lawyers) that I would: 1) install two new elements in the pressure cooker I purchased from them two years ago if they sent me replacements for the faulty parts, and 2) properly dispose of the faulty elements. Our consumer culture is awash in a world of impersonal, ambiguous, sometimes ridiculous oaths and promises.

Is Jesus concerned about inadequate, self-serving or deceitful promises? Apparently so.

“Again, you have heard that it was said to an older generation, ‘Do not break an oath, but fulfill your vows to the Lord.’ But I say to you, do not take oaths at all—not by heaven because it is the throne of God, not by earth because it is his footstool, and not by Jerusalem because it is the city of the great King. Do not take an oath by your head because you are not able to make one hair white or black. Let your word be ‘Yes, yes’ or ‘No, no.’ More than this is from the evil one. Matthew 5:33-37 NET

Religious leaders before and during Jesus’ time had developed a hierarchy of verbal oaths (supposedly reflecting Scripture) used in a variety of everyday transactions. In the above verses, Jesus comments on their order of reliability: God, heaven, earth, Jerusalem, and one’s own head. Oaths in the name of God were the only ones religious leaders considered truly binding. This hierarchy was being used to cleverly modify promises.

Jesus pointed out that all of the elements in that hierarchy belong to God. Therefore, promises/contracts should have the underlying simplicity of yes or no. Elaborate agreements are “from the evil one” if their purpose is to formulate a loophole.

Over the centuries, readers of Matthew 5:33-37 have sometimes thought Jesus meant for his followers to avoid all oaths. Other scriptures make this idea seem implausible. For example: Jesus makes an oath regarding his claim to be Messiah in Matthew 26:62-66; God makes oaths by himself in Genesis 22:16 and Isaiah 45:23; Paul swears an oath in I Thessalonians 5:27; Hebrews 6:13 elaborates on God’s oath to Abraham and further explains that the making of oaths is customary — at least at the time the letter to the Hebrews was written.

So, how else can we anchor our understanding of Matthew 5:33-37? Biblical commentators have most often linked Jesus’ words here with the third and seventh commandments. What is your assessment of how these commandments apply to taking oaths?

“You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain, for the LORD will not hold guiltless anyone who takes his name in vain. Deuteronomy 20:7 NET

“You shall not steal. Deuteronomy 20:15 NET

As you make your way through the Lord’s Prayer again today, consider how to simplify your words before promising to serve God and others.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Old Time Religious Oaths2023-11-04T23:27:35-06:00

Marriage and Divorce Customs

Loving, nurturing family relationships have been highly desired and sought during all human history. Divorce causes multiple reverberations throughout immediate and extended families of the divorcing parties as well as the larger community. It’s also fair to say that marital discord can have similar effects.

“It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him give her a certificate of divorce.’ But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.”
Matthew 5:31-32 ESV

What Jesus says in these verses can seem obscure. Here’s an essay explaining some Jewish customs found in first century Israel that may enhance your understanding of customs around marriage and divorce in Jesus’ time. I will highlight two customs discussed in the article which still exist in parts of the world practicing marriage norms closer to those of the First Century — different than those now held in Western Europe and the U.S.

One custom, prevalent in a little over half of today’s world and held over from earlier times, is marriage arranged by parents of both the bride and the groom. Intermediary agents are sometimes employed to ensure the best match.

To us, it might be surprising that these arranged marriages end in divorce only 4% of the time while the overall Western divorce rate has wavered between 40%-50% in the last few decades. (It might be comforting to know that surveys of committed Western Christians record divorce rates half that percentage.) Some researchers have also observed that a steady increase in cohabitation as a replacement for marriage in Western countries has led not only to a decline in marriage rates but a predictable drop in percentages of marriages ending in divorce.

Another ancient custom that carries over into some arranged marriages is that newlyweds are expected to live in such close proximity to their extended families that constant daily contact is inevitable. This extended family model is one Westerners experience far less frequently.

The U.S. has also been affected by two developments that have widened the gap between us and First Century Judaism in our attitudes about divorce: In 1937 women could file for legal divorce for the first time and in 1969 laws enabling no-fault divorce began to be instituted.

I will end this brief comparison of modern and ancient marriage and divorce customs with a final thought: It’s tempting to equate legal provisions developed by our secular government regarding marriage and divorce with what Jesus says about those subjects. While those government provisions can prove helpful in sorting out a distressed marriage, they may also lead us to discount Jesus’ teachings.

Using the Lord’s Prayer, pray for those you know who have been affected by divorce. Thank God for the godly, healthy marriages you have observed.

Note. To access scripture links that don’t appear in the email version, read the web version in your browser.

Marriage and Divorce Customs2023-10-29T19:05:57-06:00
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